Validate Binary Search Tree
题目
Given a binary tree, determine if it is a valid binary search tree (BST).
Assume a BST is defined as follows
The left subtree of a node contains only nodes with keys less than the node's key.
The right subtree of a node contains only nodes with keys greater than the node's key.
Both the left and right subtrees must also be binary search trees.
Example 1:
2
/ \
1 3
Binary tree[2,1,3]
, return true.
Example 2:
1
/ \
2 3
Binary tree[1,2,3]
, return false.
思路分析
这道题我在第一次做的时候跳进了一个坑,我当时的思路是用递归的实现,怎么实现呢?就是比较node的左子树的key是不是小于node的key,并且比较node的右子树的key是不是大于node的key。这样做又一个什么问题呢?根据BST的概念,树的任何节点的左子树上的所有节点的key都要小于这个节点的key,同时右子树上的所有节点的key都要大于这个节点的key,那么问题就是,不能仅仅比较node的key与node的左子树/右子树的key。
下面的就是错误的实现:
class Solution {
public boolean isValidBST(TreeNode root) {
if (root == null) return true;
boolean leftCheck = true;
boolean rightCheck = true;
if (root.left != null) leftCheck = root.left.val < root.val;
if (root.right != null) rightCheck = root.right.val > root.val;
return isValidBST(root.left) && isValidBST(root.right) && leftCheck && rightCheck;
}
}
那么这道题如何来实现呢?一个点就是考虑BST的特点,如果对一个BST进行inorder traverse,就会得到一个ascending的有序数组。能不能一边对BST进行inorder traverse,一边比较相邻的值是不是升序呢?沿着这个思路就可以用stack+iterative的方式来实现
class Solution {
public boolean isValidBST(TreeNode root) {
if (root == null) return true;
Stack<TreeNode> stack = new Stack<>();
TreeNode curNode = root; <<<< Define current Node
TreeNode preNode = null; <<<< Define pre Node
while(!stack.isEmpty() || curNode != null) {
while(curNode != null){
stack.push(curNode);
curNode = curNode.left;
}
curNode = stack.pop(); <<<< Assign current Node
if(preNode != null && curNode.val <= preNode.val) return false;
preNode = curNode; <<<<Assign preNode
curNode = curNode.right;
}
return true;
}
}